Hypnotism Day *
Spaghetti Day
Pop Music Chart Day *
World Braille Day *
National Trivia Day
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MORE! Isaac Newton, Doris Kearns Goodwin and Louis Braille, click______________________________________________
WORLD FESTIVALS AND NATIONAL HOLIDAYSColumbia – Cartagena:
International Music Festival
Mexico – Merida:
International Festival of Arts
Myanmar – Independence Day
Republic of the Congo – Martyrs’ Day
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On This Day in HISTORY 1490 – Anne, Duchess Regnant of Brittany, married by proxy to Maximilian I of Austria, and fighting to maintain the independence of Brittany, declares that all those who would ally with King Charles VIII of France against her, are guilty of lèse-majesté; but in 1491, she is forced to renounce her unconsummated marriage to Maximilian, and marry Charles; when he dies in 1498, none of their children have survived infancy, and she is married to his cousin, Louis XII, who succeeds Charles. Louis falls deeply in love with Anne, who works to restore Brittany’s independence, and their eldest daughter Claude is proclaimed the heiress of Brittany, but none of their male children survive; Claude’s marriage to her cousin, King Francis I, ends Brittany’s independence
1493 – Columbus returns from his first voyage to the New World
1642 – English King Charles I arrives with soldiers to arrest five members of Parliament, accused by the king of treasonous collusion with the invading Scots army to put pressure on the Crown to accede to Parliament’s demands for reforms – but the five are forewarned, and slipped away by boat – this unprecedented invasion of the House of Commons by an English sovereign to arrest its members turns Parliament completely against him, and they quickly seize control of London, forcing Charles to flee the capital
1643 – Sir Isaac Newton born, English physicist-mathematician-astronomer, law of gravitation; Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica; ‘father of modern science’
1649 – The ‘Rump’ Parliament, purged of members opposed to trying English King Charles I for high treason, passes an ordinance to set up a High Court of Justice to try Charles in the name of England’s people
1710 – Giovanni Battista Pergolesi born, Italian comic opera composer1717 – The Dutch Republic, France and Great Britain sign the Triple Alliance treaty which makes them allies against Spain’s growing power
1729 – Johann Friedrich Agricola born, German composer1746 – Benjamin Rush born, American physician, politician and signer of the Declaration of Independence
1785 – Jacob Grimm born; with his brother Wilhelm, the co-author of Grimm’s Fairy Tales
1797 – William Beer born, German astronomer who made the first map of the Moon
1809 – World Braille Day * – Louis Braille born, French educator-inventor, created the Braille system which enables the blind to read and write
1813 – Sir Isaac Pitman born, English educator, advocate for spelling reform and inventor of the Pitman shorthand system
1847 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver to the U.S. government
1853 – After being kidnapped and sold into slavery in the American South, Solomon Northup regains his freedom; his memoir Twelve Years a Slave will become a bestseller
1863 – James Plimpton of New York patents a 4-wheeled roller skate
1864 – Clara Emilia Smitt born, Swedish doctor, and one of Sweden’s first women’s rights activists; she first trains as a nurse, and receives a Red Cross medal for her work during the Greco-Turkish War in 1897; after further study, she becomes a hydrotherapist, and then studies medicine abroad; author of Kvinnans ställning i samhället: några inlägg i nutidens sociala spörsmål (Women’s position in society: a few notes about contemporary social questions)
1865 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first fixed headquarters near Wall Street
1874 – Josef Suk born, Czech composer, noted for instrumental compositions1878 – Augustus John born, Welsh painter and illustrator
1884 – The Fabian Society, dedicated to advancing the principles of democratic socialism via gradual reform efforts in democracies, rather than by revolutionary overthrow, is founded in London UK; named for the Roman general Fabius Maximus (nicknamed “Cunctator”, meaning the “Delayer”) whose Fabian strategy against Hannibal’s Carthaginian army of wearing the enemy down by harassment and attrition rather than head-on battles ultimately brought victory
1885 – Dr. William Grant performs the first successful appendectomy on Mary Gartside
1889 – It is announced that the Oklahoma Land Run, opening two million acres of Oklahoma Territory to ‘first come first serve’ settlers will take place on April 22, 1889
1895 – Leroy R. Grumman born, American aeronautical engineer, Grumman Aircraft
1896 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state
1896 – Everett M. Dirksen (R-IL) born, Republican leader of the Senate (1959-1969); noted orator and wheeler-dealer
1912 – The Boy Scouts Association is incorporated throughout the British Empire by royal charter; now called the Scouts Association
1928 – NBC Radio debuts The Dodge Victory Hour which stars Will Rogers, Paul Whiteman and his Orchestra, and singer Al Jolson
1933 – Phyllis Reynolds Naylor born, American juvenile author; her Shiloh quartet of novels won the 1992 Newbery Award and the Mark Twain Readers Award; her Alice books series, while lauded for realism in portraying a motherless girl, have also been frequently challenged and banned, primarily for broaching the topic of sexuality in teenagers; she founded the PEN/Phyllis Naylor Working Writer Fellowship
1935 – Bob Hope debuts on network radio on The Intimate Revue
1936 – First Pop Music national sales chart * is published by Billboard magazine
1937 – Dyan Cannon born, American actress-producer-screenwriter and director
1943 – Doris Kearns Goodwin born, American historian, biographer and political commentator; noted author of No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II (1995 Pulitzer Prize for History winner), and Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln (2005 Lincoln Prize winner for best book of the year about the American Civil War)
1944 – Angela Harris, Baroness Harris of Richmond, born, British Liberal Democrat life peer; Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords since 2010; Chair and Trustee of the Industry and Parliament Trust
1947 – Marie-Thérèse Letablier born, French sociologist; Research Director at the French Center for Scientific Research; Executing Committee member of the European Sociological Association (ESA); has worked primarily on relationship of work-family-gender issues
1948 – Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom
1948 – Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé born, first woman Prime Minister of Mali (2011-2012); in a 2012 coup d’état, she is detained by junta forces hostile to the policies of Malian President Amadou Toumai Touré; Amnesty International reports that she and other ministers are being held at a military camp in the Koulikoro region of Mali
1950 – RCA Victor announces it will manufacture long-playing (LP) records
1953 – Ichthyologist J.L.B. Smith of Rhodes University, South Africa, examines a rare 120- pound Coelacanth, the oldest known living lineage of Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish and tetrapods), caught in the Comoros Islands by the crew of Captain Eric Hunt’s schooner; a species thought extinct until a specimen was discovered in 1938 by Museum curator Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer
1958 – Sputnik 1 falls to Earth from orbit
1959 – Luna 1 becomes the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon
1962 – Gene McDaniels records “Point of No Return”1965 – In his State of the Union address, U.S. President Lyndon Johnson outlines the goals of his “Great Society”
1972 – Rose Heilbron becomes the first British female judge, at London’s Old Bailey
1974 – United States President Richard Nixon refuses to hand over materials subpoenaed by the Senate Watergate Committee
1991 – The U.N. Security Council votes unanimously to condemn Israel’s treatment of the Palestinians in the occupied territories
2005 – The first Hypnotism Day * is sponsored by the National Guild of Hypnotists
2007 – The 110th United States Congress convenes, electing Nancy Pelosi as the first female Speaker of the House in U.S. history
2010 – The world’s newest ‘tallest tower’ opens in Dubai UAE, the Burj Dubai, over 2,700 feet tall (823 meters)
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