Daylight Savings Ends *
Chinese Take-Out Day
Love Your Red Hair Day
World Tsunami Awareness Day
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MORE! Will Durant, Ida Tarbell and Gram Parsons, click_______________________________________________
WORLD FESTIVALS AND NATIONAL HOLIDAYSEl Salvador –
Primer grito de independencia *
Panama –
La Ciudad de Colón Day
United Kingdom – Guy Fawkes Day *
(aka Gunpowder Day or Bonfire Night)
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On This Day in HISTORY1138 – Lý Anh Tông is enthroned as emperor of Vietnam at the age of two, beginning a 37-year reign
1499 – The Catholicon is published, a Breton-French-Latin dictionary written in 1464 by Jehan Lagadeuc in Tréguier, the first trilingual dictionary, which is also the first Breton and first French dictionary published
1605 – Guy Fawkes Day * aka Gunpowder Day in Great Britain celebrates the foiling of the Gunpowder Plot: Robert Catesby, with a dozen other provincial English Catholics, plot to blow up the English House of Lords during the State Opening when King James I would also be present, but an anonymous letter sent to William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle, reveals their plan. The House of Lords is searched, and around midnight on 4 November 1605, Fawkes is discovered guarding 36 barrels of gunpowder—enough to reduce the House of Lords to rubble—and arrested. The rest of the conspirators were either shot while trying to escape, or tried and executed
ad Doctrinam, & meliores Litteras aptitudine 1666 – Attilio Ariosti born, Italian viola player and composer 1667 – Christoph Ludwig Agricola born, German landscape and bird painter
1811 – Father José Matías Delgado, rings the bells of La Merced church in San Salvador – the ‘First Shout of Independence’ * – calling for insurrection and launching the 1811 Independence Movement in El Salvador
1829 – Technical University of Denmark (DTU) opens, now one of Europe’s leading engineering schools
1834 – Anna Leonowens born, English teacher and author; governess to children of king Mongkut of Siam
1844 – In San Francisco CA, a grizzly bear named Monarch undergoes successful cataract surgery at the Zoological Garden – the bear lives until 1911
1850 – Ella Wheeler Wilcox born, American author and poet
1862 – President Lincoln removes George B. McClellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac after he failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s army after the Battle of Antietam
1872 – To test the limits of the newly ratified 14th Amendment, Susan B. Anthony votes in a presidential election, the first time an American woman votes, but her vote is not counted, she is arrested, tried, and on this day fined $100, which she refuses to pay
1895 – George B. Selden is granted the first U.S. patent for an automobile
1900 – Ethelwynn Trewavas born, British ichthyologist, over a dozen fish species named in her honor
1911 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire and annexes Tripoli and Cyrenaica
1911 – Marie Osborne Yeats born, first major child star of American silent films, Baby Marie; who later worked as a costumer for Western Costume, a major clothing supplier for the motion picture industry
1912 – Woodrow Wilson is elected president of the United States
1914 – France and the British Empire declare war on the Ottoman Empire
1916 – The ‘Bloody Sunday’ massacre in Everett, Washington – The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW, nicknamed “Wobblies”) sends union organizers to Everett during a severe depression to support a strike by shingle workers. The IWW organized rallies and marches – businesses countered by organizing vigilantes who beat them with ax handles and ran them out of town. The Seattle IWW sent in 300 of their members aboard two steamers to hold a rally, but they were met by a tug boat in the harbor, the County Sheriff, armed vigilantes and hired goon squads on the dock. In the gun battle that followed, at least five IWW members were killed and 27 wounded, two ‘citizen deputies’ were killed, shot in the back by their own side, and 20 others were wounded. 74 Wobblies were arrested and charged with murdering the two ‘citizen deputies’ but were all ultimately acquitted
1922 – Violet Barclay born, also used name Valerie Barclay, American illustrator and pioneering female comic-book artist
1925 – British ‘Ace of Spies’ Sydney Reilly, the first 20th century “super-spy” is executed by the Soviet secret police, the OGPU
1935 – The game ‘Monopoly’ becomes a best-seller for Parker Brothers
1940 – FDR wins an unprecedented third term as U.S. President
1941 – Art Garfunkel, singer-songwriter (‘Simon & Garfunkel’), is born
1943 – St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City is damaged in a WWII bombing raid on Rome
1943 – Sam Shepherd born, American playwright and actor
1945 – Aleka Papariga (Αλέκα Παπαρήγα) born, Greek Communist Party politician, the first Greek woman to head a major political party in Greece (1993-2015); currently MP for Athens B
1945 – Svetlana Tširkova born, Soviet fencer, two Olympic gold medals for team foil for the 1968 and 1972 games, and a bronze medal in the women’s individual foil at the 1969 World Championships
1946 – Gram Parsons is born, singer-songwriter (‘The Byrds’) 1947 – Peter Noone born, English singer-songwriter (‘Herman’s Hermits’)1952 – Vandana Shiva born, Indian scholar, environmental activist, food sovereignty advocate, and anti-globalization author; noted for her book Vedic Ecology
1955 – The rebuilt Vienna State Opera, which had been destroyed during WWII, reopens with a performance of Beethoven’s Fidelio
1956 – Britain and France land troops in Egypt during fighting between Egyptian and Israeli forces at the Suez Canal
1958 – Mo Gaffney born, American comedian, writer and activist; co-wrote and starred with Kathy Najimy in two off-Broadway ‘Kathy and Mo’ shows shows, which both won Obie Awards; activist for same-sex marriage
1963 – Archaeologists find remains of a Viking settlement at L’Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland
1967 – In Moscow, the Ostankino Tower opens, the world’s tallest free-standing structure for the next nine years
1974 – Ella T. Grasso was elected governor of Connecticut, the first U.S. woman elected as a state governor without succeeding her husband
1986 – The White House reaffirms the U.S. ban on the sale of weapons to Iran
1987 – Black South African Goban Mbeki is released after serving 24 years in Robben Island prison, where he was serving a life sentence for treason against the white minority government of South Africa
1994 – Ronald Reagan announces he has Alzheimer’s disease
1998 – Henry Hyde, chair of the House Judiciary Committee , sends a 10- page letter asking President Bill Clinton to “admit or deny,” in writing and under oath, 81 assertions in the Monica Lewinsky matter, including whether he gave “false and misleading testimony” under oath. The Republican’s dismal showing in the election confirmed the public’s growing impatience with the months of hearings
1999 – A federal judge declared Microsoft Corporation a monopoly
2006 – Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq, and his co-defendants are sentenced to death in the al-Dujail trial for their roles in the 1982 massacre of 148 Shi’a Muslims
2007 – The end of Daylight Savings Time * in the U.S is changed from the last weekend of October to the first weekend of November – FALL BACK!
2013 – India launches its first interplanetary probe, the Mars Orbiter Mission
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